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March, 2005
Featured Article(s):
Celebrate Every Year After Forty, with a Mammogram
by Angela Butera Dickson

Celebrate the month of your birth by having a mammogram - toast your life with this fast, easy and noninvasive test.

A first mammogram is a right of passage for most women at forty. 66.9% of women over the age of forty have had baseline mammograms to establish and document their breast health. But 30% of women have somehow missed this important message and it is an especially important one for the Hispanic and Asian communities who have the lowest average screening rates among American women.

There has been much confusion and controversy in the media about the benefits of mammography in the last two years. In a Danish study that was released in 2001 researchers concluded widespread mammography screening was unjustified. This study along with the numerous ensuing counter arguments criticizing the studies methodology has left many women unsure of the benefits of mammography.

On May 14 of this past year The American Cancer Society released its guidelines emphasizing the role and important benefits of mammography. The panel of independent experts reconfirmed that regular mammography screening reduces breast cancer deaths.

Mammography screening is endorsed by The American Cancer Society, The National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations, The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services as well as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed female cancer in the United States. One out of every 10 women will be diagnosed with the disease and 40,000 women will die from breast cancer in the United States this year.

According to The National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations web site, "Although some breast cancers are found by women themselves, the vast majority are now detected by mammography at early stages, and at a size too small to be felt."

Almost every woman should have a baseline mammogram done at age 40 and every two years after that until age 50 (75% of all breast cancers are found in women over the age of 50). Some practitioners even suggest yearly testing for all women over 40. At age 50 and beyond a mammogram should be done yearly. Those with a family history of breast cancer should talk with their doctor about the possible need for earlier testing.

It is an uncomplicated, non-evasive procedure that literally takes a few minutes of your time but it could very well be the test that saves your life.

What if you can't afford screening?
Most medical insurance policies cover mammogram screenings and for those without health insurance there are may low cost and no cost programs available. Check with your local chapter of The American Cancer Society, the women's health center at your local hospital or Department of Human Services for low or no cost programs offered in your community.

What To Expect
It is always easier to keep a medical appointment when you know what to expect and information is so important in having a relaxed and comfortable procedure.

First of all, for menstruating women, schedule you appointment shortly after you have finished your period. This is a time when you are least likely to have breast tenderness and sensitivity or additional swelling of the breast tissue from fluid retention.

It is best to avoid wearing underarm deodorant the day of your test because the chemicals in some products can mimic calcification spots on the highly sensitive x-ray film.

You will be asked to undress from the waist up and will be given a hospital gown and robe to wear.

The technician will explain the procedure to you. She will gently position your breast on the small, adjustable machine platform, a metal square of about 12  X 12". Many thoughtful technicians will warm up the metal with a heating pad for a few moments before starting your test.

It is necessary to flatten the breast tissue as much as possible and this is typically done with a clear Lucite panel or paddle. It can be a little uncomfortable but it is necessary and shouldn't be painful. The flatter the breast tissue the less radiation is needed, resulting in less exposure to your body and the best possible picture. Some screening sites will allow the patient to adjust the pressure herself to minimize discomfort. Ask about this if you feel it will help to minimize any anxiety you may be feeling.

Then you will he asked to stand very still and hold your breath, as the x-ray is taken. The machine will automatically release pressure on your breast as soon as it is done. It takes about 10 seconds from the time the pressure is applied until you're released.

Typically two different views of each breast will be shot for a total of four 10 second periods of breast compression.

You shouldn't experience breasts pain during the test. If this happens tell the technician and together you should be able to find a suitable position to make it comfortable for you.

Celebrate Your Life!
Make mammography a part of your yearly health physical along with your blood pressure and cholesterol screening, Pap test and eye checkup. Think of it as nurturing yourself. Each birthday is a time to celebrate the life you've lived and ensure that you continue to live healthfully ever after.

For more information please see these web sites :

The USDA site form Mammography
http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/mammography/

The National Alliance of Breast Cancer Organizations
http://www.nabco.org/

The American Cancer Society
http://www.cancer.org/docroot/home/index.asp

About The Author
Angela Butera Dickson is a full service, freelance copywriter offering some of the best prices on the web. From articles to brochure copy, ghostwriting to marketing letters, she can help you cultivate a polished, professional business image. www.angeladickson.com  angela@angeladickson.com
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Heel Pain Hell - How To Survive Heel Pain, Heel Spur and Plantar Fasciitis
by Gordon Cameron

Have you ever been unlucky enough to be struck down with the pain of a heel spur? I have and if you have too then you'll know just how debilitating it can be. But - as with all things medical - understanding the cause can go along way to providing relief and reassurance.

So... lets begin by asking "what is plantar fasciitis?"

Plantar means the sole of the foot, fascia means gristle and "-itis" means inflammation (as in tonsillitis, dermatitis, appendicitis, conjuctivitis etc etc. Plantar Fasciitis, then, simply means "inflammation of the gristle on the sole of the foot."

The heel pain of plantar fasciitis is felt at the front of the heel and the pain often spreads along the sole of the foot towards the big toe. The heel pain is agonising when walking - particularly first thing in the morning. Putting your foot to the ground on getting out of bed in the morning is usually something you learn to dread because the gristle of the foot (the fascia) tightens up overnight as a result of the inflammation. The tight area is stretched as you put your weight onto the foot - causing a searing pain along from the heel to the base of the big toe.

Sometimes the inflammation encourages calcium or new bone to grow along the line of the fascia on the sole of the foot. This creates a spurred effect when the heel is seen on x-ray. You can see a heel spur x-ray on my website by following the link at the bottom of this article.

Plantar fasciitis or heel spur pain eventually settles without treatment in about 80% of cases but it may take many months to do so.

Common triggers for heel pain or plantar fasciitis include: poor footwear and a long walk (wellington boots in winter, tight calf muscles or achilles tendon tissues and flat feet or other changes in the shape of the arch of the foot.

Plantar fasciitis heel pain can happen at any age but is commoner in the elderly and in those who are overweight.

Treatment options for plantar fasciitis heel pain include: physical therapy including stretches and massage (this works but it can take a while), injection of the tender area with steroid and local anaesthetic (effective but can be painful if done by an inexperienced doctor), anti-inflammatory medication (not usually very effective and may have side effects) and orthotic insoles or heel cushions ( effective but can be uncomfortable in your shoes).

I find it is often better to invest in a pair of good quality running shoes with a deep cushion sole. This solution is often very effective - but not entirely fashionable if you're more than 35yrs old!

If you are unlucky enough to suffer from this kind of heel pain then the best advice I can give is to STAY POSITIVE - the heel pain of plantar fasciitis will eventually go away even without treatment.

About the Author
Dr Gordon Cameron MD is based in Edinburgh, Scotland. He is a specialist in treating joint and muscle pain.  Dr Cameron's website contains more information about heel pain and plantar fasciitis.
Heel Pain Hell - How To Survive Heel Pain, Heel Spur and Plantar Fasciitis
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